Measurement and Applied Testing

Zwick Digital Shore Hardness Tester   Electronic hardness testing devices (Shore A, D, B, C, D0, 0, 00, 000) are used to perform hardness tests on plastic and rubber materials according to ISO 7619-1, ASTM D 2240, ISO 868, NFT 51109 and BS 903 Part A26 standards.

A test in accordance with the standards requires specimens with a contact surface parallel to the plane with a diameter of at least 35 mm and a material thickness of 6 mm.

After 1 second (according to ISO 7619-1) and 1 second (according to ISO 868) holding times, the hardness values of the material can be determined with the digital hardness testing device.

What we have practiced in metal forming has given us the basic knowledge to shape metals in industry. It will help you in the repair and production phase that you will encounter in the later stages. The application of basic metal forming techniques has also provided our company with knowledge about the strength of metals, thus improving our ability to make decisions about the strength of materials and their applications. Sheet metal forming processes require in-plane tensile forces and lower forces than bulk forming. Almost all sheet metal forming processes are considered secondary operations.


Zwick 3 IRHD Micro Compact Hardness Tester  

The Zwick 3103 IRHD digital micro compact hardness tester consists of a base unit with integrated electronics and display, a height-adjustable support table for specimens, and an IRHD micro measuring column (ISO 48).

The hardness tester can be used on round specimens, seals, fittings and hoses, adhering to a thickness of 0.5 mm.

2-line LCD display shows measurement range, measurement time and measured value. Measurement times (0...75 s) and test language (German, English or French) can be set via the coding toggle.

ProLine Series for Static Testing  

The ProLine Series material testing devices have been specially developed for functional testing of finished products/components and standardized test applications, above all for "standardized" test applications defined by institutes. ProLine Series Material Testing Devices, in combination with the expert testXpert II Test Software, offer the user the advantages of fast and easy operation. All test applications within the software can be easily used with devices. The ProLine Series material testing devices, including all mechanical components, electronics and software hardware, as well as hundreds of accessories, are developed and manufactured by Zwick in our production center in Germany.

Technical Overview  

ProLine Series Testers can be used in the test speed range of 0.0005 - 1500 mm/min, depending on the model. The speed of the tester is independent of the test force.

The devices can be used up to their maximum force capacity without any restrictions. In order to be able to use heavy test equipment easily with the device and to compensate for the load, the total capacity of the device can be used at 110%.

The ProLine Series material testing devices are available in models with capacities up to 100 KN and test area heights from 1050 mm to 1450 mm.

ProLine can be used with all standard desktop and laptop computers, you will not need a different and special additional card for device usage.

Precise Traverse Movement  

The moving traverse of the ProLine Series material testers has the ability to move precisely between the two columns, allowing a precise force to be applied to the specimen. This is an advantage in bending tests, compression tests, precision tests on finished products.

Drive Systems with Strong Performance  

A high level of speed control can be achieved even at the lowest (minimum) speeds. The Device Driver also offers a high level of traverse motion resolution. This is particularly advantageous for test path accuracy, which is very important in finished product testing, and for testing products with high stiffness values and tests requiring short test strokes.

Innovative testControl II Electronics  

All ProLine series Material Testers are equipped with high-performance test-Control II Electronics. State-of-the-art AC-Drive technology and the online-correction feature of the material tester ensure a high level of accuracy in path measurement and positioning.

Time Saving Turnaround Speed  

A high turnaround rate saves implementation time and increases the speed of test execution.

Easy Application Switching  

Thanks to the compatible Plug & Play system, grips and test fixtures can be easily replaced at any time and many different tests can be performed with the same tester. The Smart Testbed Concept ensures easy and reliable application switching.

Zwick Dynamic fatigue tester  

In HB Series Servo-Hydraulic Material Testers for Dynamic Tests, the test actuator (drive system) is mounted on the upper traverse. This enables versatile use and adaptation. In particular, optional T-bearing plates can be mounted on the instrument to perform standard fatigue strength tests as well as flexure or component (finished part) tests.

For Dynamic Tests HB Series Servo-Hydraulic Material Testers are manufactured in different body sizes in the range of 50 to 2500 force capacity.

Standard test drive strokes are 100, 250 or 400 mm long.

Dynamic testing machines can be used at a system pressure of 210 or 280 bar.

The device body is manufactured with high rigidity, ensuring natural internal resonance. In order to prevent unwanted and possible bending stresses on the sample; the device bodies are carefully designed.

The load cell can optionally be mounted on the piston rod or on the lower traverse.

The upper traverse is adjustable. At this point, we strongly recommend the acquisition of the hydraulic traverse holder and lifting cylinder options.

Test systems developed for dynamic testing can be easily adapted to customer-specific test requirements (e.g. grips, test equipment, extensometers or test software).

The HB-T Model has been developed for combined tensile, compression and torsion test applications with an integrated additional torsion motor (e.g. Maximum Test Force 250 kN, Drive System Stroke 100 mm, Torque Torque 1000 Nm, Angle 100° and other values can be adjusted as required).

TENSILE TESTER AND TENSILE TEST  

As in every sector, there are profit-driven individuals/institutions in the machinery industry sector that enter the sector with the lure of the commercial dimension of the business. Before buying a device, people or organizations in need should check how well equipped the place where they buy the device is, from the production of the device to the technical ability to use it. Institutions and individuals who invest only in the commercial side of the sector will not be able to provide after-sales support as much as companies that have the training, technical service, practice and wide-ranging production and usage capabilities. For this reason, buying products at low prices that are seen as profit in the first purchases is a serious problem in the long term.

In this article, we think it would be useful to share some information about tensile testing, especially in the context of tensile test equipment.

What is a tensile test and how is it performed? Tensile test is one of the most common test methods used to determine the mechanical properties of materials. The tensile test measures the strength of a material against a static and slowly applied load. A suitable tensile test specimen (Figure (1)) is placed in the universal testing machine and a force (load) is applied to the specimen. In the tensile test, the amount of elongation in the material is measured using an extensometer and the applied force (load) is measured using a load cell, and the stress-strain curve (Figure (2)) is obtained using these measured elongation and load values. Tensile test can be used to determine the ductility, strength, and stiffness of materials.

Tensile Tester and Tensile Tester Experiment  

In addition to tensile tests, compression and flexure tests can also be performed on the universal tester. Tensile testing is a basic materials science test in which a specimen is subjected to tensile forces in one axis until it breaks. The results from the test are used for material selection for any application, quality control and to predict how the material will behave under other forces. The information obtained directly through this test is the maximum tensile stress, maximum elongation and reduction in area. These data can be used to obtain the characteristics of the material such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield strength and consolidation.

Method  

The specimen to be tested is placed in the machine and a tensile force is applied until it breaks. The amount of elongation in the standard section during the application of the force is recorded reciprocally to the applied force. The data on the amount of strain is used to determine the engineering deformation (ε) using the following equation:

Tensile test method  

ΔL is the elongation in length, Lo is the initial length and L is the final length. The following equation is used to calculate the engineering stress, σ, using the force data:

Tensile tester experiment  

While F is the force and A is the standard cross-sectional area, the machine performs these calculations as the force increases and produces a stress-strain curve from this data.

Abrasion Tester  

The Abrasion Tester meets the ISO 4649 Standard and is used to determine the resistance to friction of rubber-elastomer materials. Abrasion tests within this standard are performed on materials that are susceptible to abrasion during use. These test applications allow for comparative measurements to check the equality of specific results. The measured values are important parameters for the wear behavior of rubbers and elastomers during use. The Zwick Abrasion Tester is used for testing stationary and rotating specimens. For soft specimens, there is an option for half wear path adjustment. It closes automatically when the cover is lifted or the wear path is completed. The thermo switch protects against overload. For setting the tolerance limits, sample holders and sample setters are used. Pressure force between 2.5 N and 10 N can be applied by means of interchangeable weights.

Density measuring device  

Density meters determine the density of liquids and solids by buoyancy. In fact, density meters - overview measuring instruments can be seen as electrical scales with precise accuracy. They are suitable for density measurements of plastics, rubber liquids, sintered metals, ceramics, glass and other A-metals. This mode of density determination is characterized by high accuracy and fast measurement results. Density is measured with a glass bob used in the buoyancy method. In solids, density determination is realized by measuring the weight and volume of the mass probe. In the meantime, the density measuring devices determine the weight of the object with the available scales, while the volume is measured based on the swimming level of the probe, for which the volume of the liquid used must be known. Since the volume of liquids depends on temperature, density meters have a manual or automatic temperature compensation of the measurement results. The buoyancy force is equal to the weight of the liquid removed.

Profile Projector  

This is a vertical, precise and 360º rotary screen measuring machine suitable for the measurement of small and medium sized parts in X and Y axes. With the special mirror system, the part on the table appears in the same direction on the screen. You won’t see the image reversed.

Display Diameter: Ø312mm
Table movement: 150(X)x150(Y)mm (Precision or fast progress in X and Y axes)
Table Dimensions: 340mm×152mm
Glass Table Dimensions: 196mm×96mm
High Measurement Resolution(X and Y): 0.0005mm =0,5µm
Precision:±(4+L/25)µm
Repeatability: 0.003mm
Angular resolution: 0.01º or
Max part weight: 5kg
Lens: Standard 10X (with half and full reflection mirror).
Temporary memory for 10 geometric elements and 100 permanent memories are available.
Optional 20X, 50X and 100X lenses can be attached.
Magnification sensitivity: 0.08% contour, 0.12% surface.


Properties of the digital processor:  

Digital X, Y coordinates and angle indicators, plus user guidance display. 1/2 value calculation.
Reset and 90º, 270º and 360º angle rotation, mm/inch rotation. Basic (point, line, circle, distance, angle, thread, etc...) and special geometric elements can be measured.
Point, line, circle, distance and angle can be entered by preselection. Measured values can be saved and recalled for comparison. The origin can be shifted with the function.
For frequently repeated measurements and serial measurements, 10 different measurement programs of 100 commands each can be taught to the instrument. ABS/INC and Polarity/Cartesian coordinate conversion functions. 3 axes preselectable.
Equipped with an error compensation system developed for Linear Scales. Measure Easy easy measurement function. RS-232 output. Setting parameters for counting direction and printer. Ability to print the desired values. Resolution selectability. Automatic recording function against power outages. Usability with optional optical reader.